sin la necesidad de realizar un while
DECLARE @Valor DECIMAL (18,8)
SET @Valor = 1
SELECT
@Valor = ( 1 + (RateValue/36000)) * @Valor
FROM [REMATE2G].[Middle].[RateValues]
WHERE IdRateName = 24
AND
RateDate BETWEEN '2018-02-15' AND '2018-02-28'
SET
@Valor = ((@Valor-1)*36000)/14
SELECT @VALOR